Which famous scientist developed the laws of motion?

The correct answer is Isaac Newton, who is renowned for formulating the three fundamental laws of motion that describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it. These laws laid the groundwork for classical mechanics and have been pivotal in understanding the movement of objects and the principles of physics. Newton's first law, the law of inertia, states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by a net external force. His second law provides the famous equation F=ma, relating force, mass, and acceleration. The third law asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Marie Curie is celebrated for her pioneering research on radioactivity, but she did not develop the laws of motion. Stephen Hawking is well-known for his work in theoretical physics and cosmology, particularly regarding black holes and the nature of the universe, which is distinct from the foundational laws of motion established by Newton. Niels Bohr significantly contributed to our understanding of atomic structure and quantum theory, but again, this is separate from the principles of motion that Newton articulated. Thus, Newton's contributions define the core concepts of motion in physics, making him the correct answer to this question.