Who is known for developing the theory of evolution?

The theory of evolution is primarily attributed to Charles Darwin, who formulated the concept through extensive observation and research during his voyage on the HMS Beagle in the 19th century. Darwin proposed that species evolve over time through a process called natural selection, which suggests that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. His landmark publication, "On the Origin of Species," laid the groundwork for modern evolutionary biology and fundamentally changed the understanding of life’s development on Earth.

While Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, and Galileo Galilei made significant contributions to their respective fields—such as physics and astronomy—they did not focus on the development of evolutionary theory. Their work pertains to different scientific principles and discoveries, highlighting the distinct contributions each figure has made to science broadly, yet not intersecting with Darwin's pioneering concepts in biology.